Breed Summary
Coat
Origin
The Shih Tzu, meaning "lion dog" in Chinese, is an ancient breed believed to have originated in Tibet. They were gifted to Chinese royalty, where they were treasured as lap dogs in the Imperial courts. Their regal appearance and affectionate nature made them companions to emperors and empresses. The breed gained popularity outside of China in the 20th century and remains a favorite family pet worldwide.
Appearance
The Shih Tzu is a small but sturdy dog with a distinctive appearance:
- Size: Weighs between 9-16 pounds and stands about 9-10.5 inches tall.
- Coat: Long, luxurious, and double-layered, requiring regular grooming. Their coat comes in a variety of colors, including gold, white, black, and brindle.
- Face: They have a short, flat muzzle (brachycephalic) with large, dark, and expressive eyes.
- Tail: Curled over their back, adding to their majestic look.
Temperament
Shih Tzus are known for their affectionate and friendly nature. They are:
- Loving: Shih Tzus form strong bonds with their families and thrive on attention.
- Adaptable: They adjust well to apartment living and can thrive in homes of all sizes.
- Playful: They enjoy interactive play but are equally happy to lounge on your lap.
- Social: Shih Tzus are good with children and other pets, making them ideal family dogs.
- Gentle Watchdogs: While not overly aggressive, they may bark to alert you of visitors.
Trainability
Shih Tzus are intelligent but can be slightly stubborn. Early training and patience are key:
- Positive Reinforcement: Use treats and praise to motivate them.
- House Training: Consistency is essential, as they can take longer to grasp potty training.
- Socialization: Expose them to various people, pets, and environments early to ensure a well-rounded temperament.
Health Outlook
Shih Tzus are generally healthy but can be prone to certain health issues due to their physical traits:
- Brachycephalic Concerns: Their flat face can lead to breathing issues, especially in hot or humid weather.
- Eye Problems: Their large, protruding eyes are prone to infections and injuries.
- Hip Dysplasia: Though less common, joint issues can occur.
- Allergies: Skin sensitivities may develop, requiring a vet-recommended diet or skincare routine.
Regular veterinary check-ups, a healthy diet, and attention to grooming can help minimize health risks.
Nutritional Requirements
A balanced diet tailored to their size and activity level is essential:
- High-Quality Dog Food: Choose a small-breed formula with high protein content.
- Portion Control: Shih Tzus are prone to weight gain, so measure meals carefully.
- Supplements: The best multivitamin for dogs to support their overall health, including joint, coat, and skin health.
Exercise Requirement
Shih Tzus are not highly active but still need moderate exercise to stay healthy:
- Daily Walks: A 20-30 minute walk is sufficient to keep them fit.
- Playtime: Interactive games indoors or in a secure yard will help burn off energy.
- Avoid Overexertion: Due to their breathing difficulties, avoid strenuous exercise, especially in hot weather.
Grooming
Shih Tzus require regular grooming to maintain their iconic appearance:
- Brushing: Daily brushing prevents tangles and matting in their long coat.
- Bathing: Bathe every 3-4 weeks with a gentle dog shampoo.
- Face Cleaning: Wipe their face daily to prevent tear stains and infections.
- Professional Grooming: Many owners opt for regular trims to manage their coat.
- Dental Care: Brush their teeth regularly to prevent dental disease.
Pros and Cons
Pros:
- Loyal and affectionate companions.
- Adaptable to various living environments.
- Great with kids and other pets.
Cons:
- High grooming needs.
- Prone to health issues due to their brachycephalic features.
- Can be stubborn during training.
Space Requirements
Shih Tzus are well-suited for small spaces, making them ideal for apartment living. They don’t require a large yard but enjoy safe outdoor playtime.
Suitability for Elderly
Shih Tzus are excellent companions for seniors:
- Low exercise requirements.
- Gentle and loving nature.
- Small size makes them easy to manage.
Suitability for Kids
Shih Tzus are great with children:
- Patient and tolerant of kids' antics.
- Supervision is recommended with younger children to ensure gentle interactions.
Cost
The price of a Shih Tzu puppy ranges from $500 to $2,000, depending on the breeder and lineage. Monthly expenses include:
- Food: $20-$50
- Grooming: $50-$100 (professional grooming every few weeks)
- Veterinary Care: $300-$500 annually (routine check-ups and vaccinations)
What Should the Owner Be Like?
The ideal Shih Tzu owner:
- Has time for daily grooming and care.
- Enjoys a lap dog that thrives on attention.
- Is patient and consistent with training.
- Can provide a calm and loving home environment.
Two Fun Facts
- Royal Favorites: Shih Tzus were often referred to as "Chrysanthemum Dogs" due to their unique facial hair, resembling the petals of a chrysanthemum flower.
- Lap Lovers: Shih Tzus were bred to be lap dogs for Chinese royalty, and they still excel in that role today.
